In brief
Margaret Sanger (September 14, 1879 – September 6, 1966) was an American nurse, activist, and writer who advanced access to contraception in the early 20th century, founding organizations that evolved into the Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Her advocacy incorporated eugenics principles aimed at preventing reproduction among those with hereditary defects to improve public health and societal conditions. While credited with promoting reproductive autonomy, her views and initiatives, including associations with eugenics and outreach to marginalized communities, remain controversial.
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